Does Your Nonprofit Have A Marketing Plan Or Marketing Mess?

dollar you spend on marketing means one lessrelated to their health.
dollar dedicated to the awesome programs andNow imagine this organization is ready to kick off
services you provide. That means each preciousan endowment campaign. They have a powerful
marketing dollar put toward web sites, brochures,tool they can use to train the development staff
logos, DVD’s, development materials andand volunteers, perfect donor pitches and
other marketing tools better count! Unfortunately,fine-tune marketing efforts.
planning for all that activity too often takes aHow do you get to know your audience
back seat. Marketing plans are in short supply.members mindsets, hopes and fears? Research! It
We bet you like the idea of a marketing plandoesn’t need to be complicated. Simple
– but you don’t have the time andsurveys provide a tremendous amount of good
energy for planning in the rush of managingdata. You can also take a look back at your
time-consuming day-to-day operations. Too bad.database and review current donors, volunteers
The cold, hard truth is you can’t affordand other stakeholders. And you probably already
not to have a plan. The good news: strategicknow a lot about each of your audiences from
marketing planning can – and shouldyour experience working with them.
– be straightforward, results-oriented andMessages
easy to manage.What is the core of what you need to say? In
What’s in a Plantheir brilliant book, Made to Stick, Chip Heath and
Your marketing plan determines how your clientsDan Heath write “The more we reduce
and donors see you. It helps prioritize your targetthe amount of information in an idea, the stickier
audiences (such as clients, donors and internalit will be.” In other words, pare down your
stakeholders). It details where your clients comemessages to the absolute core so yor your
from, how to get to the gate-keepers that referaudience will remember them.
your clients, how you describe your services, howExample: Project Sunshine is a successful
you talk to donors and how you make criticalnonprofit organization which offers free social,
budget decisions. It takes a look at youreducational and recreational programming for
competition (and yes, you are competing forchildren and families with medical challenges. Their
those hard-earned donor dollars.) A well-designedmission: We bring sunshine to a cloudy day.sm
marketing plan provides a timeline of specificThat’s brilliant! Why? Because you, and
tactics, coordinated with other internal andProject Sunshine’s employees, donors and
external events (program launches, changing legalclients, know exactly what that means; sunshine
environments, etc.), to help your organizationphysically makes us feel better, conjures images
reach its overall objectives. If it’s a goodof kids, sprinklers, swimming pools and health and
plan, it also clearly outlines your budget and howoverall makes us feel happy and healthy.
those valuable marketing dollars will be allocated. IfChannels and Tools
that sounds complicated, keep reading to learnHow will you send your message to your target
how to break it down into manageable steps.audiences? Channels are groups/people through
Any solid marketing plan needs to include a fewwhom and places where you will distribute your
key elements:message; tools are the materials you employ.
Situation AnalysisExamples:
Start with a review of where your nonprofitChannels: Regional hospitals, social workers,
organization is right now. These are things youoncology offices
likely already know, but putting them front andTools: t shirts, informational dvd, website
center in your plan serves a couple of purposes.Strategy
First, it gives you a benchmark of where you are.Strategies are broad approaches to
Second, it lets you build a plan that addresses thecommunicating that are linked to your measurable
basic organization and environmental realties youobjectives. These are the big-picture approaches
face.you take to communication and positioning your
• Nonprofit Organization Mission and Vision:organization. You should look at each objective
What are the key values and goals of yourand come up with the strategies you need to
organization?accomplish it.
• Product or Service Review: DescribeExamples:
your basic products and services• Recruit and hire a Chief Development
• Client/User Drivers: What factors affectOfficer who will oversee all development activities
the environment in which you operate?including campaigns and events.
• Core Competencies: What do you do• Hire an advertising agency to oversee
well? What do your clients /users rely on youand manage all organization advertising and
for? Why do donors contribute to your cause?creative. Agency should have experience in
• Competitive Review: Who are your keynonprofit sector and be willing to donate a
competitors? How is the competitive landscapepercentage of their time.
changing?Tactics
Measurable Objectives or OutcomesThe tactics are the specific tasks and activities
What do you want to accomplish this year? Andneeded to accomplish your strategies. These
how will you measure the results? Measurableshould be very specific.
goals allow you to formulate strategies and tacticsExample:
that will get you there. Basic, but many people• Develop comprehensive job description
don’t think through a set of realisticfor Chief Development Officer
objectives.Timeline by Tactic
We can’t tell you how many times wePrioritize your tactics, and then develop specific
have heard from nonprofit executives that theirdeadlines for each one. You’ll also want to
number one goal is to “raise awareness ofnote which staff members or outside resources
our cause in the general community.”will be used to complete the tactics.
Sorry, that’s not a measurable objective.Here's an Example:
So let’s make it work: Launch aDevelop comprehensive job for Chief
comprehensive communications campaign withinDevelopment Officer
service area in order to increase number ofResponsibility Katie Sternberg
clients we serve by 35% over the course of theDue 3/5/2007
next three years (2009). Wow! Now you knowStatus
what you need to accomplish, where, in whatEvaluation
time frame and by how much! What a difference.Your evaluation methods may be formal, like a
Audiencesresearch study or survey. But they might also be
Make a list of your key audiences. You havemore informal, like reports on funding increases,
more target audiences than you think –feedback from clients or input from staff. The
the people you serve day in and day out, yourmost important idea here is to do some kind of
volunteers, your stakeholders (board of directors),measurement so you know if your strategies are
staff members, donors and major donorsworking. Your objectives and strategies should be
– and we bet there are more! Whenso specific that you should be able to measure
defining your target audiences, considereach and every one.
demographics as well as psychographics. That isExamples:
not only where they live and how old they are,• Percent increase in referrals from clinics
but also how each audience thinks and feels.over last year for the months May –
For example, we know that our average plannedAugust.
giving donor is male, 65 years of age – or• Percent increase in number of hits on
older, is married, is a home owner, has a houseweb site increased since re-launch
hold income of more than $200,000 per year, isBudget
married, has grown children, is registered as aThe marketing budget shouldn’t be
Republican, is concerned about the war, healthcarewhatever is left over at the end of the month or
and education. We also know that he has aquarter. And it shouldn’t be unlimited,
connection to cancer; either he or someone in hiseither. Go back through your strategies and
family has been affected by cancer.tactics and assign some general budget amounts
The goal here is to really understand the peopleto each one. Is the number you come up with
you are talking to. One tip: once you know yourrealistic? If not, go back and review your tactics
demographics and psychographics, write storiesand determine where you can make changes. You
around them. It will help you better identify youneed to allocate money to achieve your key
audiences’ needs. So take those sameobjectives. If you spend too much on one
demographics and psychographics, but this timestrategy, you won’t have enough to
let’s tell a story.accomplish the others.
Dan Kennedy is 65 years old. He is a successfulStill Skeptical About Planning?
entrepreneur. He and his wife Tess haveYou may be getting short-term results with a
consistently contributed to Cancer Servicesfly-by-the-seat-of-your-pants approach. But there
campaign since 1995. Mr. Kennedy’sis a downside. This kind of makeshift marketing
mother died of cancer and in 1995 Tessoften does nothing to further the strategic goals
underwent surgery and radiation following aof the company and frequently fails to look to
diagnosis of breast cancer. Mr. Kennedy and histhe future. And that is a very dangerous place to
family have never needed our services, but he isbe. Even a little planning can help you decrease
passionate about the idea that all people deserveyour marketing risk and improve your results.
quality care and the education to make decisions