High protein diet may increase mental disease risk

HIGH protein diets have been popular off and ondamaging, if the high fat increases the
since the 1960s, and are once again grabbing theaccumulation of plaques and the high protein
attention of millions of people desperate to losesensitizes nerve cells to the poison released by
weight. But before you jump on the bandwagon,plaques," said lead author Sam Gandy, a professor
there are some things you might want toat The Mount Sinai School of Medicine and a
consider.neurologist at the James J. Peters Veterans
High protein diets can produce a rapid initial weightAffairs Medical Center in New York.
loss, but most of this loss can be water rather"Given the previously reported association of
than fat. Additionally, many high protein diets arehigh-protein diet with aging-related neurotoxicity,
high in saturated fat and low in fiber, aone wonders whether particular diets, if ingested
combination that can increase cholesterol levelsat particular ages, might increase susceptibility to
and raise the risk of heart disease and stroke.incidence or progression of Alzheimer's disease."
High protein diets have also been shown to causeGandy believes the only way to know for sure if
higher than normal calcium excretion through thethese findings have implications for the human
urine, which over a prolonged period of time canbrain is to perform prospective randomised double
increase the risk of osteoporosis and kidneyblind clinical diet trials. "This would be a challenging
stones.undertaking but potentially worthwhile. If there is a
And a recent study suggests that a high proteinreal chance that the ravages of Alzheimer's
diet may actually cause brain shrinkage and andisease might be slowed or avoided through
increased "susceptibility to or progression ofhealthy eating," he said. "Such trials will be required
Alzheimer's disease."if scientists are ever to make specific
The discovery was an unexpected one, foundrecommendations about dietary risks for
while studying the effects of different diets onAlzheimer's disease."
mice bred to develop Alzheimer's disease (AD).Previous research has shown a
The mice were fed either a regular diet, high fatMediterranean-style low-calorie, low-fat diet rich in
low carb custom diet, high protein/low carbvegetables, fruits, and fish might delay the onset
version or a high carb/low fat option. When theor slow the progression of AD. AD is the most
researchers looked at the brain and body weightcommon type of dementia, affecting as many as
of the mice, as well as plaque build-up and5.3 million Americans.
differences in the structure of several brainBrain lesions, called amyloid plaques and tangles,
regions involved in the memory defect underlyingaccumulate, destroying brain cells, causing
AD, they were surprised to find that the brains ofmemory loss and problems with thinking and
the mice fed a high protein/low carb diet werebehavior severe enough to affect work, social life
five percent lighter than all the others and theand even the ability to cope with everyday life.
regions of their hippocampus were less developed.Over time, AD gets worse and is fatal. Currently,
The researchers theorize that the high proteinthere is no cure for AD, but researchers around
diet may leave neurons more vulnerable to ADthe world continue to search for better ways to
plaque. "High protein diets are used for weighttreat the disease, delay its onset, or prevent it
control, and those diets sometimes combine highfrom developing. The study is published in the
fat and high protein, which may be doublyjournal Molecular Neurodegeneration.