Illegal Fee Sharing and the Impact on a New York Medical License

What does New York Law Say About Medical50 percent of the fees for the tests. In another
Fee Splitting?case, a corporation employed doctors and
Generally, New York law bans fee splitting in theprovided them with office space and equipment in
practice of medicine. This prohibition applies toexchange for a percentage of their income.
both corporate and individual settings. Specifically,Another example is one of a physician who had
New York Public Health Law section 4501(1)his license suspended for paying referral fees to a
expressly forbids both businesses and individualwomen's health center that had been referring to
practitioners to practice medicine for profit in ahim patients for abortions.
manner that includes "the referral orAre there any exceptions?
recommendation of persons to a physician,Yes. The law permits physicians to practice
dentist, hospital, health related facility, ormedicine and share fees through partnerships,
dispensary for any form of medical or dental careprofessional corporations, university faculty
or treatment of any ailment or physical condition."practice plans, hospitals, HMOs, and employee
The law also prohibits physicians and other healthstudent health programs. While permitted, such
care professionals and facilities "to accept forarrangements are subject to limitations. For
medical or dental care or treatment any personexample, a physician who is not a member of a
referred or recommended for such care orpartnership may not share fees with the
treatment by a medical or dental referral servicepartnership.
business located in or doing business in anotherWhat about paying salaries to employees?
state if the medical or dental referral servicePaying salaries to employees is not illegal fee
business would be prohibited... if the business weresharing unless the salaries are contingent on the
located in or doing business in New York." Inphysician's income and are a certain percentage of
simple words, it is prohibited to give or acceptthe income. Fee sharing with another physician is
fees for patient referrals.permitted under certain circumstances, such as in
Does the law make any distinction betweenthe case with a consultant or professional
individual and corporate practice of medicine whensubcontractor.
it comes to sharing fees?Is it a problem for a physician to employ a billing
In New York, businesses and non-profitscompany or a collection agency?
organizations are not allowed to practice medicineThat depends on the type of the agreement
per se unless they are so certified by the Publicbetween the physician and the billing company. By
Health Council. Therefore, any New York physiciandefault, many billing businesses prefer a
who shares or allows others to share in the feescontingency-based model where they charge the
for medical services with a business entity will bedoctor a percentage of the doctor's income. While
disciplined under NY Education Law sectionpermissible for the billing companies, such practice
6530(19). Illegal fee-sharing involving businessis a sure way to professional discipline for the
entities may take many forms. For example, in aphysician. The right way would be to arrange for
recent case, the court held that payment of aa fixed rate representing fair market value of the
portion of physicians' income from their privateservices. However, this is different with the
clinic practice to a university as a condition of thecollections agencies. Paying collections agencies on
physicians' employment with the university was ana contingency basis depending on the amount
illegal fee-splitting arrangement where therecovered is not illegal fee-splitting.
physicians were not employees of the universityWhat are the legal consequences of violating the
faculty practice corporation, and the universityfee-splitting laws and corporate practice of
was not providing the physicians with salary,medicine?
employee benefits, facilities, supplies, staff, orIn the latter case, since businesses are not
malpractice insurance. (Odrich v Trs. of Columbiaallowed to practice medicine, such practice is
Univ.) Illegal fee-splitting does not always involveconsidered "unlicensed practice of medicine", which
money payments. Giving or receiving any valuableis a class E felony. If convicted, the defendant
benefit such as credit, omission, discount, gratuity,may serve between one to four years in prison
etc. may qualify as fee sharing.and incur monetary penalties. The entity itself will
So what is corporate practice of medicine or illegalbe dissolved. Physicians who enter into contracts
fee splitting?with unlicensed business entities may be charged
By way of example, several court caseswith fraudulent practice of medicine or practicing
demonstrate corporate practice of medicine andbeyond authorized scope and be subjected to
illegal fee splitting. In one case, a doctor enteredprofessional discipline. Illegal fee-splitting is a
into an agreement with his technicians thatprofessional misconduct and any physician found
provided that the technicians would perform EEGto have violated the fee sharing rules will be
and ECHO tests and the doctor would pay themdisciplined.