Investments in Costa Rica - Not Exactly What You Think

Investments in Costa Rica?... isn't that anexperiencing a VERY strong economy and a very
island?...somewhere in the Caribbean?strong currency) and Europeans... who are also
My wife and I moved to Costa Rica six yearsexperiencing gains with the rise of the euro vs.
ago from the frigid climate of Minnesota wherethe dollar and other currencies. The Costa Rican
we had owned a printing business for 15 years.real estate market is simply not dependent upon
For as long as we could remember we hadone country or group of people to experience
worked 12 hour days and spent most of our timestrong real estate interest. And please also keep
figuring out how to stay even...getting aheadin mind that Costa Rican real estate is a
wasn't even in the cards.microcosm of Economics 101...the areas of
Then 9/11 happened. And for us it was aninterest for the "boomers" and second home
epiphany. Life was too short to spend the balancebuyers are small and it is easy to see that there
of our lives on a treadmill that went nowhere. Weare more buyers than sellers (which is really what
accelerated our retirement plans by almost tenthe markets are all about... remember our KISS
years.theory?)
And over the next year we sold everything weWe have established statistically that more and
owned and eventually found ourselves in Costamore visitors are arriving in Costa Rica. Now we
Rica (which, mind you, we had only visited onceneed to establish a base for our investment
previously...and on vacation at that !).philosophies...and it is primarily centered upon the
Stupid? In retrospect, sure. To move to a foreignhuge number of "baby boomers" which are just
country where we knew no one, didn't know thebeginning their retirement years. We do not need
language and our only exposure was the internet?a huge elaboration as to why "boomers" are
Of course, it was stupid.examining overseas destinations in increasing
But...we loved it, even in spite of the fact that lifenumbers...but here are a few of the major
here was completely different than the booksreasons:
portrayed or the internet showed. We rented a- Cost of living...it is no surprise that costs of
small home about an hour outside of San Jose inalmost everything are climbing daily. The
a community which was rural, coffee country andequivalent cost of living in Costa Rica is roughly a
yet still large enough to have a hospital and withinthird as much.
45 minutes of the main airport.- Medical care is excellent and only at a fraction of
And we purchased land...and we built a house. Andthe cost.
luckily, Rhonda had the temperament to deal with- There is a tremendous amount of diversity here
the local builders, even though we didn'tand an almost unending list of activities and
understand much Spanish. I still remained a type Asightseeing which is available daily...you will definitely
and the manana attitude drove me crazy.never be bored!
And much of the real estate and construction- Stable government and environment.
business was definitely not in any "how to..." book- High literacy rate and people are genuinely
that we ever found. And we definitely madefriendly.
mistakes. But luckily they didn't hurt us TOO- Only a short plane ride from the States.
much financially. And we asked a lot of questions- Infrastructure is good and water is drinkable
and we learned, little by little, how the real estateeverywhere in the country.
market functioned in Costa Rica.- The banking system is excellent and safe.
And we decided that we wanted to let others- There is a huge amount of flora and fauna here
know the things that we had to learn the hardwhich is literally unequalled anywhere in the
way. We started a real estate company whoseworld...and over 25% of the country's land is set
sole aim was to present properties whichaside for national parks.
reflected prices that locals paid...because there is a- Land and construction is still extremely
two tier real estate market in Costa Rica...one foraffordable by comparison.
"gringos" and one for Ticos (locals, as Costa- Crime is still relatively low, especially when
Ricans call themselves).compared to its counterparts and "competition".
Because there are very few rules or regulationsOkay, now that we have established that Costa
for real estate here, our "exposure" of theRica is a viable, growing and stable marketplace
market didn't make us very popular with otherAND that the "boomers" have the potential to
real estate people. (remember, Costa Rica is ahave a major influence on the marketplace in
VERY small country...about the size of WestCosta Rica...let's pinpoint specifics which will allow
Virginia or Houston). So our website didn't exactlyus to make significant investment gains:
endear us to local agents who were used toMost "gringos" say that they would prefer beach
charging whatever prices and commissions thatliving. The reality is that over 50% of all people
they thought the traffic would bear.who buy on the beach sell within five years. We
And slowly we began to get ahave found over the past five years that most
reputation...admittedly, some was good, somegringos prefer acreage with the following features:
bad...depending upon who you talked to. And we- Views...either the ocean from a distance or the
began to get publicity...unsolicited publicity fromCentral Valley
magazines like Newsweek and Investors Business- Access to good medical and professional
Daily. And our business grew. And grew someservices
more.- Not "too remote"
As our business grew we began to meet more- Good shopping and dining accessibility within a
people from Costa Rica...some influential, somereasonable drive.
not... some quality, some not. And we became- Internet availability...good infrastructure
exposed to many more types of investments- More moderate temperatures
that were totally foreign to us. And we learned- More rural than urban but still amenities available
who really "controls" the country and which peoplecloseby
control investment capital and have the influence- Within a "reasonable" drive to an international
to make policy. To illustrate how much of ourairport.
education was "coincidence" (and I personally do- Private, but not too private; i.e., neighbors
not believe in coincidences... I believe that theynearby but not TOO close.
happen for a reason) our third attorney was- At least half to an acre of land...river, waterfall
introduced to us purely second hand at a localor lake if possible.
gathering; "coincidentally" his wife was from- Fruit trees and other vegetation a major plus.
Minnesota...Rhonda was then invited to a weeklyWith the above in mind, Rhonda and I settled in
gathering of "gringas", all of which married TicosGrecia which was approximately half an hour
35-40 years ago and who have now ALL becomefrom the country's major airport, 45 minutes
very influential ; e.g., Minister of Finance; Minister offrom a first class hospital (yet only 10 minutes to
Agriculture and two other former cabineta municipal hospital, in Grecia). We chose to be in
members.the mountains overlooking the town and the
Because of our real estate organization (see itCentral Valley. Major shopping was 45 minutes
here: we are able to see daily what people areaway as was "better dining" and (for me)
seeking and watch the ebb and flow of interest.bookstores. Notice how we fit the above "profile"?
And not only are we able to gauge areas ofBTW, we also had a river on our property. Why
interest but also types of properties or homesdo we bring this up here?...because our "property
that are attracting the most interest...e.g., wepreferences" were (and are) the same as 80%
know that beach properties or condominiums atof most gringos that move to Costa Rica to
present are receiving very little interest and theretire (full or part time.)
high end beach properties sales are very slow.Next factor: there are very very few rules and
We have our own hypotheses as to why this isregulations when it comes to real estate and
occurring but we are dealing with "what is", notconstruction in this country. There are ways to
what we think "should be"...nor do we look forprotect yourself legally but there are no sure
esoteric explanations to explain the status. Wemethods of ascertaining what is a "fair and
are big believers in the KISS philosophy..." keep ithonest" price. There is no MLS system and there
simple, stupid."is not a system of comparables. For the most
Over the past three years we have made apart, real estate is bought and sold the way it has
number of investments here...none have shown abeen for decades...primarily word of mouth. This is
loss and others have turned a 100% return withinspecifically why people flock to the real estate
a 60 day period. Some have unrealized profits.industry...because of "net selling" or the simple fact
We have yet to take a loss. Please understandthat it is almost impossible to know what is a fair
here that we are not professional investors (ifprice. (net selling refers to "marking up" a
there indeed is such an animal)... we have simplyproperty over and above what the seller wishes
taken advantage of situations that we consider toto "net...very commonplace here.)
be extremely low risk. WE ARE NOT SIMPLYNext: There are very few American style houses
"HOPPING ON THE COSTA RICAN REALfor sale here... and Tico houses simply are not
ESTATE BANDWAGON"...because if we had donesatisfactory for 98% of "gringos" that move here
that, we would have already lost a significant(lower ceilings, smaller rooms, not enough land, no
amount of money.220V power, no views, etc). This obviously brings
Let me explain...up the logical conclusion...if there is a market, and it
Our website and mission statement is all aboutappears that it is highly skewed in favor of the
value...and it is about education and knowing "thesellers...is there an opportunity here to capitalize on
good, bad and ugly" BEFORE buying. Too manythat imbalance? (for those of you who are
people get caught up in the emotion and beautythinking ahead here...remodeling is difficult because
of Costa Rica and buy on impulse. And these arealmost all construction here is block and steel and
the people that ultimately run the risk of losingall wiring and plumbing is encased in
their entire investment. (con men and fraud existconcrete...remodeling costs actually exceed
everywhere but are more common here simply"STARTING FROM SCRATCH".)
because of the lack of comprehensive rules andBecause there is a two tier market here...one for
regulations concerning real estate andlocals and one for "everyone else" it is important
construction). That being said...we attract ato ensure that pricing received is comparable to
different type of clientele...one that typically wantsothers of comparison (as much as possible in a
to ensure that he gets the most value for his orcountry where "comparables" are simply
her money....and definitely not one that is anconversation over coffee.) A "gringo" certainly can
impulse buyer. We deal primarily with the "babylook for his or her own property but it is almost a
boomer" who is looking at Costa Rica as aguarantee that prices will be at least 50% higher
retirement destination AND the buyer who wantsas locals share the common perception that
to ensure that he or she gets the most value for"gringos" have money trees "back home" and that
their investment.we will pay almost "any asking price" because we
And the above paragraph illustrates the best,don't know the culture or the area.
most concise reason why our business is almostAnd remember we know the markets...who is
recession proof and not affected by thebuying, what they are seeking and what they will
"subprime crisis" and will allow us to continue topay. And then obviously the determination has to
capitalize of various forms of investment in Costabe made if it is possible to make a profit.
Rica.The last item to take into account is the simple
So...now that we have established ourfact of Costa Rican land itself...without the "gringo
background...WHY are we recommending Costafactor". Ticos (Costa Ricans) are accustomed to
Rica as a basis for specific types of investments?an inflation rate of around 12% annually and many
We are not attempting to "sell" Costa Ricacompensate by buying additional land and simply
because we expect anyone who is examiningholding hard assets. And when selling, Ticos know
Costa Rica as an investment to do their own duethat if they do not get their price today...they will
diligence. So...in six months or in a year. The trick then
- Costa Rica is home to the longest runningbecomes to truly know the markets and to be
democracy in Latin America. Its stability isable to take advantage of buyers that MUST sell
unquestioned and it is allied closely with the U.S.and that need money.
- Almost a third of the land mass of Costa Rica isOn to "brass tacks" and specifics...
set aside for national parks. Costa Ricans1. The void of, and lack of, American style houses
themselves are huge lovers of wildlife, flora andin many areas is crying to be filled. The following is
fauna.a quick "down and dirty" summary of
- There is virtually no mineral exploration andapproximate profits to be made from such an
absolutely no oil drilling in Costa Rica forinvestment: Land cost: (one acre...view property in
environmental protection.Grecia or environs) $50,000; American style
- The literacy rate in Costa Rica exceeds that ofhouse of 3 BR, 1500-1600 sq. meters:
the States or Canada.$75,000...misc costs including architect, utilities and
- Medical care is superb and available tolandscaping: $10,000. Selling price: $190-195,000,
everyone...even to those who are unable to pay.possibly more. Estimated gross ROI (before
- Costa Rica is more familiar to Americans thanpayout to limited partner or construction
nearly any other foreign destination...for vacation.supervisor)...50%.
Nearly everyone who has visited Costa Rica2. Smaller developments can be even more
wants to return and, in fact, Costa Rica has theprofitable...we prefer to stick with a much smaller
highest return rate for vacationers of any othernumber of homes as it is more manageable and
destination in the world.you fly under the municipality's radar...nothing illegal,
- While Costa Rica is technically a "second worldjust avoiding the possibility of locals swarming
country", its infrastructure is excellent.around with their hands out. Typically, we raise
- Costa Rica's economy, while operating at amoney in smaller increments (shares) as the
deficit, is in excellent shape.amounts normally exceed $250,000.
- Costa Rica has no standing army, thus expendsProfit estimates here are extraordinary.
no funds on a national defense.3. Oftentimes, at least bimonthly, we see a
- Costa Rica espouses family values and manyproperty at an extraordinary price...one that we
visitors liken it to the States from the 50s. Theknow is substantially below market value.
pace of living is slower and the Costa RicanSometimes these properties can be resold almost
people (Ticos) have different values than theirimmediately...other times they involve buying a
counter parts in America and Canada.larger piece and reselling smaller units of land. A
- There are literally dozens of microclimates withingood example is a block of four quarter acre
a two hour drive from anywhere in the country.beach front parcels which are titled and located
Where else can you drive for a day and see twoonly 1 ½ hours from San Jose on the
oceans, several volcanoes, sandy beaches,Central Pacific coast. The owner is in the States
mountains, waterfalls, lakes, rain forests, cloudand is admittedly desperate. The units can be
forests, agricultural land, hot springs, wildlifepicked up as a whole and resold for at least a
preserves, and much much more...?50% profit (our opinion). They are RARE and
- Cost of living estimated at approximately 30%gorgeous.
of equivalent lifestyle cost in the States or4. Recently, we were contacted by the owner of
Canada.a small house in Grecia. We had previously listed it
- An estimated 30% of the population speaks orat a decent price...but no takers. It has a gorgeous
understand some degree of English.view and the house needs probably $5000
This is only the abbreviated version of theworthy of work. In our opinion, the owner is now
positives of Costa Rica...other countries such aswilling to sell for close to land value only. Not a
nearby Panama, Nicaragua and Mexico arehuge winner, but percentage wise, probably a
attempting to woo the "baby boomers" but OUR50% profit is available. Estimated ROI to the
belief is that the "blue chip" of Latin Americaninvestor...50%+
investment will almost always win out. Just5. Occasionally we are shown properties which
because land in Nicaragua or Panama maybe 20%have a "glitch" in their titles...not major problems
cheaper or because the government offers onebut simple filings to correct them. "informacion
time incentives to expats....does not necessarilyprocessoria" properties are normally those which
mean that it is worth the risk of your hardhave passed down from family member to family
earned savings. Weigh the pros and cons. Somemember over the years without doing proper
say that Costa Rica is overpriced...some say thatregistration or filings. It is a simple matter for a
its time has passed for investment...we say "takecompetent attorney to correct the oversight
a look at the number of people that visit here...and(and, in many cases, it was simply not done for
that return...do your homework...then make yourlack of funds). These properties can oftentimes
decision."be had at substantial discounts. A good example is
Okay, we have subjectives about Costa Rica anda property currently being offered of nearly two
why people visit here and keep returning. Now weacres just on the outskirts of San Jose...a suburb
need facts.called Aserri. The property HAD to be sold (family
During the first six months of 2008, more thanfinancial emergency)...asking price was actually less
125,000 foreigners visited Costa Rica...and this is athan 20% of what comparable properties were
16% increase over last year. And remember, thiscurrently selling for ADJACENT to this property.
is in a so called recession which is worldwide. Don'tEstimated "fix" time is six months...properties like
believe that the trend will continue?...try this: askthis do not often surface and, most of the time
your friends what their impressions are of Costathey are "no brainers".
Rica or what they have heard ABOUT Costa Rica.Now, we are the first to admit that 99.9% of
I can guarantee that the responses will bepeople that read about these investments are not
overwhelmingly positive. Subjective ? Yes, but stillable to do them themselves. This is why we have
highly convincing and you will not get these typestypically set up "arrangements" or agreements to
of responses from any other location orhandle the everyday details and carry the project
destination.from start to finish. Obviously, investments such
Numbers of weekly airline flights areas the Aserri property, or others that are shorter
climbing...ranging from American Airlines with 43, toterm investments that can be resold quickly, do
Continental with 25, Delta with 24 down to Spiritnot need "special handling".
and U.S. Airways each with 7. This does obviouslyHopefully, this investment overview has sparked
not take into account visitors from other parts ofyour interest. We have met nearly all of our
the globe. Currently, the States and Canadainvestors...some before the physical and actual
account for over half of all visitors and tourists toinvestment, other afterward. We have an annual
Costa Rica. Europe accounts for nearly 20% andpigroast in January and typically nearly all of our
the rest of the world, the balance. This is anotherinvestors along with friends and neighbors from
good rationale why our business is expandingCosta Rica get together for fun and an overview
instead of collapsing like many of the local punditsof each investment status. In the past it has been
have predicted...the slowdown in the States isa huge hit...plus of course, it is a great excuse to
more than counterbalanced by Canada (which iscome to Costa Rica.