The Overtaxed Emergency Room

One of the major areas of concern to analystsorganization Urban Institute based in Washington
observing the current health care crisis in theD.C., analysts are now scrambling to explain these
United States is that emergency rooms are beingunexpected results.
used more and more each year, at great cost toAccording to some, the most probable explanation
the health care system as a whole. Thefor the continued overuse of emergency rooms
seriousness of this issue has caused somecomes down to convenience. Anya Rader
startling reactions among health care providers. InWallack, the interim president of Blue Cross/Blue
one case a hospital in California was forced to setShield of Massachusetts Foundation, a co-sponsor
up a tent outside the hospital in order toof the report, explains the finding this way:
accommodate the number of people flocking to"People having a stronger connection with a
their ER. In a second example two hospitals in theprimary care doctor, people being able to get
state of Louisiana are fearful that theirsame-day appointments, and people being able to
emergency rooms will not be able to handle theget after-hours care would potentially make a big
number of visitors who will begin to arrive once adifference," Wallack said.
third emergency room closes in the area.In other words, according to Wallack, the
What exactly is the appeal of the emergencyalternative to using the ER for primary care must
room? After all, if you have ever been to visitalso change. It's not just a question of coverage,
one, and the chances are high that you have,but of access; until people are happier with their
considering that in 2009 emergency roomsprimary care doctors and feel they can see them
handled over 119 million separate visits, there issooner at more convenient times during the day,
very little to recommend it. The average wait tothe emergency room will still be inundated with
be seen by a physician is long; it varies greatlynon-emergency visits, at great cost to the health
among hospitals, but can easily take an hour orcare system.
sometimes much more before you are examined.The study also found some interesting
Usually it is not a comfortable place to wait,characteristics among those that use the
especially considering that you are surrounded byemergency room as a substitute for the
some extremely ill people.traditional primary care model. People from
An argument has been made that the extremeMassachusetts that used the emergency room at
overcrowding in emergency rooms is caused byleast three times within the past year were
many uninsured people using the ER as theirdiscovered to be:o They are more ill and more
primary care option. Since the uninsured can'tdisabled than people in the general population.o
afford to see a doctor to treat the commonThey are more often among the low-income
illnesses of life such as colds, flu and a host ofstrata of society, or have less years of formal
other ailments better seen by a doctor aftereducation.o They tend to live in Boston or the
making an appointment, they go to the ER forsoutheastern part of Massachusetts.o These
their routine treatment and care that they need;frequent ER visitors account for almost 25% of
they do so knowing that they won't be turnedthe total annual visits to ERs in the state.
away just because they can't pay.The emergency room is an amazing life-saving
This has proven to be just a theory, however, atadjunct to the health care system, which is
least in the case of the state of Massachusetts.responsible for saving many thousands of lives in
Recent reforms there have given all residentsmany different circumstances. However, by
medical health coverage, but the rate ofovertaxing the system, we risk diminishing the
emergency room usage is still exceedingly high.effectiveness of these emergency care centers.
This finding has surprised many people, especiallyTherefore, it is important to become educated to
those who believed that universal health insuranceidentify true emergencies which require a visit to
would curb the overuse/misuse of this facility.the ER, and when it is better to make an
Since this hasn't been the case in Massachusetts,appointment to visit your doctor.
according to a study done by the non-profit